Volume.hpp

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// Copyright © 2020-2024 Alexandre Coderre-Chabot
//
// This file is part of Physical Quantities (PhQ), a C++ library of physical quantities, physical
// models, and units of measure for scientific computing.
//
// Physical Quantities is hosted at:
//     https://github.com/acodcha/phq
//
// Physical Quantities is licensed under the MIT License:
//     https://mit-license.org
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and
// associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
// including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
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// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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#ifndef PHQ_VOLUME_HPP
#define PHQ_VOLUME_HPP
 
#include <cstddef>
#include <functional>
#include <ostream>
 
#include "Area.hpp"
#include "DimensionalScalar.hpp"
#include "Length.hpp"
#include "Unit/Volume.hpp"
 
namespace PhQ {
 
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::Volume.
template <typename NumericType>
class Time;
 
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::Volume.
template <typename NumericType>
class Frequency;
 
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::Volume.
template <typename NumericType>
class Mass;
 
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::Volume.
template <typename NumericType>
class MassDensity;
 
// Forward declaration for class PhQ::Volume.
template <typename NumericType>
class VolumeRate;
 
/// \brief Volume. For the time rate of change of volume, see PhQ::VolumeRate; see also PhQ::Time
/// and PhQ::Frequency.
template <typename NumericType = double>
class Volume : public DimensionalScalar<Unit::Volume, NumericType> {
public:
  /// \brief Default constructor. Constructs a volume with an uninitialized value.
  Volume() = default;
 
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume with a given value expressed in a given volume unit.
  Volume(const NumericType value, const Unit::Volume unit)
    : DimensionalScalar<Unit::Volume, NumericType>(value, unit) {}
 
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume from a given area and length.
  constexpr Volume(const Area<NumericType>& area, const Length<NumericType>& length)
    : Volume<NumericType>(area.Value() * length.Value()) {}
 
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume from a given volume rate and time using the definition
  /// of volume rate.
  constexpr Volume(const VolumeRate<NumericType>& volume_rate, const Time<NumericType>& time);
 
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume from a given volume rate and frequency using the
  /// definition of volume rate.
  constexpr Volume(
      const VolumeRate<NumericType>& volume_rate, const Frequency<NumericType>& frequency);
 
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume from a given mass and mass density using the
  /// definition of volume.
  constexpr Volume(const Mass<NumericType>& mass, const MassDensity<NumericType>& mass_density);
 
  /// \brief Destructor. Destroys this volume.
  ~Volume() noexcept = default;
 
  /// \brief Copy constructor. Constructs a volume by copying another one.
  constexpr Volume(const Volume<NumericType>& other) = default;
 
  /// \brief Copy constructor. Constructs a volume by copying another one.
  template <typename OtherNumericType>
  explicit constexpr Volume(const Volume<OtherNumericType>& other)
    : Volume(static_cast<NumericType>(other.Value())) {}
 
  /// \brief Move constructor. Constructs a volume by moving another one.
  constexpr Volume(Volume<NumericType>&& other) noexcept = default;
 
  /// \brief Copy assignment operator. Assigns this volume by copying another one.
  constexpr Volume<NumericType>& operator=(const Volume<NumericType>& other) = default;
 
  /// \brief Copy assignment operator. Assigns this volume by copying another one.
  template <typename OtherNumericType>
  constexpr Volume<NumericType>& operator=(const Volume<OtherNumericType>& other) {
    this->value = static_cast<NumericType>(other.Value());
    return *this;
  }
 
  /// \brief Move assignment operator. Assigns this volume by moving another one.
  constexpr Volume<NumericType>& operator=(Volume<NumericType>&& other) noexcept = default;
 
  /// \brief Statically creates a volume of zero.
  [[nodiscard]] static constexpr Volume<NumericType> Zero() {
    return Volume<NumericType>{static_cast<NumericType>(0)};
  }
 
  /// \brief Statically creates a volume with a given value expressed in a given volume unit.
  template <Unit::Volume Unit>
  [[nodiscard]] static constexpr Volume<NumericType> Create(const NumericType value) {
    return Volume<NumericType>{
        ConvertStatically<Unit::Volume, Unit, Standard<Unit::Volume>>(value)};
  }
 
  constexpr Volume<NumericType> operator+(const Volume<NumericType>& volume) const {
    return Volume<NumericType>{this->value + volume.value};
  }
 
  constexpr Volume<NumericType> operator-(const Volume<NumericType>& volume) const {
    return Volume<NumericType>{this->value - volume.value};
  }
 
  constexpr Volume<NumericType> operator*(const NumericType number) const {
    return Volume<NumericType>{this->value * number};
  }
 
  constexpr Mass<NumericType> operator*(const MassDensity<NumericType>& mass_density) const;
 
  constexpr VolumeRate<NumericType> operator*(const Frequency<NumericType>& frequency) const;
 
  constexpr Volume<NumericType> operator/(const NumericType number) const {
    return Volume<NumericType>{this->value / number};
  }
 
  constexpr Area<NumericType> operator/(const Length<NumericType>& length) const {
    return Area<NumericType>{*this, length};
  }
 
  constexpr Length<NumericType> operator/(const Area<NumericType>& area) const {
    return Length<NumericType>{*this, area};
  }
 
  constexpr VolumeRate<NumericType> operator/(const Time<NumericType>& time) const;
 
  constexpr Time<NumericType> operator/(const VolumeRate<NumericType>& volume_rate) const;
 
  constexpr NumericType operator/(const Volume<NumericType>& volume) const noexcept {
    return this->value / volume.value;
  }
 
  constexpr void operator+=(const Volume<NumericType>& volume) noexcept {
    this->value += volume.value;
  }
 
  constexpr void operator-=(const Volume<NumericType>& volume) noexcept {
    this->value -= volume.value;
  }
 
  constexpr void operator*=(const NumericType number) noexcept {
    this->value *= number;
  }
 
  constexpr void operator/=(const NumericType number) noexcept {
    this->value /= number;
  }
 
private:
  /// \brief Constructor. Constructs a volume with a given value expressed in the standard volume
  /// unit.
  explicit constexpr Volume(const NumericType value)
    : DimensionalScalar<Unit::Volume, NumericType>(value) {}
};
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator==(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() == right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator!=(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() != right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator<(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() < right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator>(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() > right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator<=(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() <= right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr bool operator>=(
    const Volume<NumericType>& left, const Volume<NumericType>& right) noexcept {
  return left.Value() >= right.Value();
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const Volume<NumericType>& volume) {
  stream << volume.Print();
  return stream;
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr Volume<NumericType> operator*(
    const NumericType number, const Volume<NumericType>& volume) {
  return volume * number;
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr Length<NumericType>::Length(
    const Volume<NumericType>& volume, const Area<NumericType>& area)
  : Length<NumericType>(volume.Value() / area.Value()) {}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr Area<NumericType>::Area(
    const Volume<NumericType>& volume, const Length<NumericType>& length)
  : Area<NumericType>(volume.Value() / length.Value()) {}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr Volume<NumericType> Length<NumericType>::operator*(
    const Area<NumericType>& area) const {
  return Volume<NumericType>{area, *this};
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr Volume<NumericType> Area<NumericType>::operator*(
    const Length<NumericType>& length) const {
  return Volume<NumericType>{*this, length};
}
 
}  // namespace PhQ
 
namespace std {
 
template <typename NumericType>
struct hash<PhQ::Volume<NumericType>> {
  inline size_t operator()(const PhQ::Volume<NumericType>& volume) const {
    return hash<NumericType>()(volume.Value());
  }
};
 
}  // namespace std
 
#endif  // PHQ_VOLUME_HPP