Temperature.hpp

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// Copyright © 2020-2024 Alexandre Coderre-Chabot
//
// This file is part of Physical Quantities (PhQ), a C++ library of physical quantities, physical
// models, and units of measure for scientific computing.
//
// Physical Quantities is hosted at:
//     https://github.com/acodcha/phq
//
// Physical Quantities is licensed under the MIT License:
//     https://mit-license.org
//
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// associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
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#ifndef PHQ_UNIT_TEMPERATURE_HPP
#define PHQ_UNIT_TEMPERATURE_HPP
 
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <functional>
#include <map>
#include <ostream>
#include <string_view>
#include <unordered_map>
 
#include "../Base.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/ElectricCurrent.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/Length.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/LuminousIntensity.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/Mass.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/SubstanceAmount.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/Temperature.hpp"
#include "../Dimension/Time.hpp"
#include "../Dimensions.hpp"
#include "../Unit.hpp"
#include "../UnitSystem.hpp"
 
namespace PhQ {
 
namespace Unit {
 
/// \brief Temperature units. Not to be confused with temperature difference units. For example, a
/// temperature of 20 °C corresponds to a temperature of 68 °F, whereas a temperature difference of
/// +20 °C corresponds to a temperature difference of +36 °F.
enum class Temperature : int8_t {
  /// \brief Kelvin (K) temperature unit.
  Kelvin,
 
  /// \brief Degree Celsius (°C) temperature unit.
  Celsius,
 
  /// \brief Degree Rankine (°R) temperature unit.
  Rankine,
 
  /// \brief Degree Fahrenheit (°F) temperature unit.
  Fahrenheit,
};
 
}  // namespace Unit
 
/// \brief Standard temperature unit: kelvin (K).
template <>
inline constexpr const Unit::Temperature Standard<Unit::Temperature>{Unit::Temperature::Kelvin};
 
/// \brief Physical dimension set of temperature units.
template <>
inline constexpr const Dimensions RelatedDimensions<Unit::Temperature>{
  Dimensions{Dimension::Time{0}, Dimension::Length{0}, Dimension::Mass{0},
             Dimension::ElectricCurrent{0}, Dimension::Temperature{1},
             Dimension::SubstanceAmount{0}, Dimension::LuminousIntensity{0}}
};
 
inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const Unit::Temperature unit) {
  stream << Abbreviation(unit);
  return stream;
}
 
namespace Internal {
 
template <>
inline const std::map<UnitSystem, Unit::Temperature> ConsistentUnits<Unit::Temperature>{
  {UnitSystem::MetreKilogramSecondKelvin,  Unit::Temperature::Kelvin },
  {UnitSystem::MillimetreGramSecondKelvin, Unit::Temperature::Kelvin },
  {UnitSystem::FootPoundSecondRankine,     Unit::Temperature::Rankine},
  {UnitSystem::InchPoundSecondRankine,     Unit::Temperature::Rankine},
};
 
template <>
inline const std::map<Unit::Temperature, UnitSystem> RelatedUnitSystems<Unit::Temperature>{};
 
// clang-format off
 
template <>
inline const std::map<Unit::Temperature, std::string_view> Abbreviations<Unit::Temperature>{
    {Unit::Temperature::Kelvin,     "K" },
    {Unit::Temperature::Celsius,    "°C"},
    {Unit::Temperature::Rankine,    "°R"},
    {Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit, "°F"},
};
 
template <>
inline const std::unordered_map<std::string_view, Unit::Temperature> Spellings<Unit::Temperature>{
    {"K",    Unit::Temperature::Kelvin    },
    {"°K",   Unit::Temperature::Kelvin    },
    {"degK", Unit::Temperature::Kelvin    },
    {"°C",   Unit::Temperature::Celsius   },
    {"C",    Unit::Temperature::Celsius   },
    {"degC", Unit::Temperature::Celsius   },
    {"°R",   Unit::Temperature::Rankine   },
    {"R",    Unit::Temperature::Rankine   },
    {"degR", Unit::Temperature::Rankine   },
    {"°F",   Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit},
    {"F",    Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit},
    {"degF", Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit},
};
 
// clang-format on
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Kelvin>::FromStandard(
    NumericType& /*value*/) noexcept {}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Kelvin>::ToStandard(
    NumericType& /*value*/) noexcept {}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Celsius>::FromStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value -= static_cast<NumericType>(273.15L);
}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Celsius>::ToStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value += static_cast<NumericType>(273.15L);
}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Rankine>::FromStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value *= static_cast<NumericType>(1.8L);
}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Rankine>::ToStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value /= static_cast<NumericType>(1.8L);
}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit>::FromStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value = static_cast<NumericType>(1.8L) * value - static_cast<NumericType>(459.67L);
}
 
template <>
template <typename NumericType>
inline constexpr void Conversion<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit>::ToStandard(
    NumericType& value) noexcept {
  value = (value + static_cast<NumericType>(459.67L)) / static_cast<NumericType>(1.8L);
}
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline const std::
    map<Unit::Temperature, std::function<void(NumericType* values, const std::size_t size)>>
        MapOfConversionsFromStandard<Unit::Temperature, NumericType>{
          {Unit::Temperature::Kelvin,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Kelvin>::FromStandard<NumericType> },
          {Unit::Temperature::Celsius,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Celsius>::FromStandard<NumericType>},
          {Unit::Temperature::Rankine,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Rankine>::FromStandard<NumericType>},
          {Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit>::
               FromStandard<NumericType>               },
};
 
template <typename NumericType>
inline const std::
    map<Unit::Temperature, std::function<void(NumericType* const values, const std::size_t size)>>
        MapOfConversionsToStandard<Unit::Temperature, NumericType>{
          {Unit::Temperature::Kelvin,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Kelvin>::ToStandard<NumericType>    },
          {Unit::Temperature::Celsius,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Celsius>::ToStandard<NumericType>   },
          {Unit::Temperature::Rankine,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Rankine>::ToStandard<NumericType>   },
          {Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit,
           Conversions<Unit::Temperature, Unit::Temperature::Fahrenheit>::ToStandard<NumericType>},
};
 
}  // namespace Internal
 
}  // namespace PhQ
 
#endif  // PHQ_UNIT_TEMPERATURE_HPP